Asthma is an inflammatory condition of breathing tubes that cause coughing which is usually more in the night, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.
Depending on the severity of symptoms it can be classified as mild, moderate or severe asthma. Best thing about asthma treatment is that it can be treated well so that routine life is possible without much restriction. Sometimes, asthma symptoms can get triggered by viral infection, sudden change in weather or increase in air pollution. This flare up of asthma needs emergency treatment. Severe attacks can be life threatening, although this is unusual. In last decade many treatment options are now available for controlling asthma which has made life of patients more comfortable than a decade ago.
Asthma is multifactorial disease involving genetic factors, interaction with environment and viral infection which cause inflammation of the small tubes, called bronchi, through which air travels in and out of the lungs. We do not know why some people develop asthma is not fully understood, but if there are members of family in blood relationships have asthma then chances of developing asthma are higher. Asthma can manifest at any age though childhood onset is common.
If you have asthma, breathing tubes are generally become more sensitive than normal due to inflammation. Anything which that irritates your lungs – known as a trigger – your airways go into spasm producing wheezing sound, the muscles around them tighten, and there is an increase in the production of phlegm.
Common asthma triggers include:
Asthma may also be triggered by inhaled substances like allergens or chemicals.
The symptoms of asthma are variable starting from mild to severe. Most people will only experience occasional symptoms, although a few people will have persistent symptoms without appropriate treatment.
The common symptoms of asthma include – wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe), breathlessness, chest congestion – or sometimes chest pain and dry coughing. These symptoms are often worse at night and early in the morning, particularly if the condition is not well controlled. Triggers described above may worsens symptoms. Commonly people observe symptoms when seasons change.
Inhalers are the cornerstone of Asthma treatment because they are highly effective and able to reverse pathology in breathing tubes. It is very common to give inhalation medications through various inhaler devices.
Inhalers are preferred over tablets and syrups because they can be delivered directly to breathing tubes giving immediate results. Furthermore, the dose is in microgram quantities when given through inhalers as opposed to oral medication or injection. They have no to minimal side effects. Patients need to have good training on how to use inhaler.
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